For acquired aplastic anemia, which treatment option offers the best prognosis?

• A. Bone Marrow Transplant
• B. High-Dose Chemotherapy Alone
• C. Antiviral Therapy
• D. Nutritional Supplementation

Answer: (A)

Bone marrow transplant offers the best prognosis because it replaces the damaged hematopoietic system with healthy donor stem cells, potentially curing the marrow failure that characterizes acquired aplastic anemia. When a matched donor is available, this procedure can restore normal blood cell production and provide long-term remission, especially in younger patients. High-dose chemotherapy alone doesn’t fix the underlying marrow failure and carries significant toxicity without a durable cure. Antiviral therapy targets infections rather than the marrow, and nutritional supplementation cannot rebuild hematopoiesis. Therefore, transplantation has the strongest potential for cure and the best overall outlook when feasible.